Glossary of Terms Related to Process Education
activity
A structured use of limited time
analysis
An examination of the whole by separating it into component parts and examining those parts as they relate to the whole
assessee
The person whose performance, work product, or learning skill(s) is being assessed with regard to specific criteria he or she has set with the assessor
assessment
Process used for improving quality
Peer—feedback is given by a colleague or peer
Real-time—feedback occurs at the same time as the process under study
Self—feedback occurs from studying one’s own process
assessor
The person who performs the assessment process on behalf of the assessee
assumption
Supposition of something to be a fact, whether proven or not
attribute (see factor)
Qualitative or quantitative characteristic of a criterion
behavioral outcomes
Certain behaviors which students should exhibit as a result of successful completion of a course
closure
A stopping point at the end of a process, used for reflecting and reinforcing what has been learned, what issues remain, and where to direct future efforts
community of practice
Group of people who share a concern or a passion for something they do and who interact regularly to learn how to do it better
competency
Ability to do something at a specific level
concept
General idea derived or inferred from specific instances or occurrences
concept model
Any construct that illustrates a concept; can be formed using language, physical objects, mathematics, or pictures
constructive intervention
Interruption by a facilitator with questions or actions for the purpose of improving students’ learning skills and /or work product
context
Circumstances in which an event occurs; setting
criteria
Non-overlapping areas of quality
critical thinking
Using and/or applying a high quality thought process
domain
Sphere of functioning/performance
Affective –area encompassing attitudinal skills
Cognitive—area encompassing thinking skills
Psychomotor –area encompassing motor skills
Social—area encompassing interpersonal skills
empowerment
Position of being able to process a situation rather than being processed by the situation
enriched learning environment
Alignment of culture, resources, and facilitation to produce high quality learning and personal growth
environmental design
The plan followed for the physical setup of an area keeping in mind the effect of the design on all domains
evaluatee
The person whose performance or work product is judged against a set of standards established outside of the person’s control
evaluation
Process for judging quality
evaluator
The person who renders or reports a judgement (conclusion) concerning the performance or work product of an evaluatee against a set of prescribed standards
evidence
Collected information that supports a conclusion
facilitation
Actions taken to help others learn
facilitator
The person who is in charge of pacing the activity and responsible for ensuring that the group best meets the criteria set out in the activity
factor (see attribute)
Qualitative or quantitative characteristic of a criterion
formative
Occurring as something is being developed
general skill
A major category of skills necessary to perform a process successfully
goal
An action-oriented statement which specifies desired outcomes; an object or end that one strives to attain
growth/development
Internalization of skills that allows the learner to reach higher levels of performance in one or all domains
guided discovery
Learning through exploration and discovery where the instructor provides resources and a guide to follow which contains objectives, criteria, and a set of carefully designed critical thinking questions
information
Knowledge acquired in any manner; for example by facts, data, learning, or lore
information processing
Methods used for collecting, retrieving, assessing, organizing, and storing information
insight
New and significant discovery gained through observation of a performance
instrument
A specific tool used to obtain evidence
intervention
Facilitator’s interruption during learning process so student can get back on track
knowledge
Awareness or possession of information about facts, ideas, skills, truths, tacit knowledge, and principles
knowledge skills
Abilities used to apply specific knowledge
knowledge table
A collection of concepts, processes, tools, and contexts that make up or describe a particular area of knowledge
LAJ
Learning Assessment Journal used to document learning and thoughts
language
A system of rules used for communication
lateral thinking
The use of non-linear thinking processes to generate new ideas, check assumptions, and change perspective
learning
Increasing mastery of factual, conceptual, and procedural knowledge
Active—learning by doing
Collaborative – learning based on informal teamwork
Cooperative – learning based on formal teamwork
Life-long—learning forever
learning to learn
Improving skills so you can construct knowledge more efficiently and effectively
learning outcome
What students are expected to be able to perform at the end of a learning experience
learning process
Steps used to learn
Learning Process Methodology
The steps taken which allow the construction of knowledge; a set of steps or procedures that models the process of learning to learn
learning skills
The aptitudes, abilities, and techniques used to acquire new knowledge and skills
lifelong learner
One who can apply learning skills to new situations throughout his or her life
life vision
A mental image of what you would like your future self to be
long-term behavior
The behavior displayed by learners on their own after a course is completed
measure
A basis for comparison; A device used for measuring
mentor
Guiding a person who desires to improve
metacognition
Self-awareness and self-control
methodology
Multiple-step models for complex processes
mission
A statement of purpose; the most important reasons to be in existence, strongly based on beliefs and value system
model
Representation of reality useful for explaining concepts and providing a rational basis for decisions
objective
General intentions for a process or experience
outcome
Actual end result
ownership
Being responsible and accountable with respect to achieving outcomes; can belong to an individual, a team, or an organization
peer assessment
Assessment performed by a colleague or peer
peer coaching
An ongoing assessment of a peer by a peer based on observations of performance
performance
Means by which you accomplish an action or task
performance criterion
A standard used to measure and assess performance during a learning activity
performance measure
A basis for ranking a performance based on its quality
portfolio
A collection of work products which demonstrate accomplishments, growth, and abilities in relation to defined areas of performance over a specific period of time
practice
Common methods used by a specific discipline/community
preassessment
Assessment that takes place at the beginning of a process, used to determine the level of ability or preparedness for a current task, challenge, activity, or performance
prediction
A declaration made in advance based on observation, experience, or reason
prerequisites
The set of concepts that should be mastered before undertaking a new body of knowledge built upon these concepts
problem
A question, matter, situation, issue, or person that is perplexing, thought provoking, or difficult to deal with
problem solving
The process of resolving a problem; finding, creating or developing solutions to a question, matter, situation, issue, or person that is perplexing or difficult to deal with
process
A series of actions that add value to a final result
Process Education
An educational philosophy that focuses on the development of broad, transferable learning skills.
product
The result of the use of a process
profile
Those behaviors displayed by an expert
quality (n)
Degree or grade of excellence
quality (adj)
Excellent
range
A span that includes all the quality levels
real time assessment
Assessment that occurs simultaneously with the process under study
recorder
One of the four standard team roles; his/her purpose is to regularly document team decisions and discoveries during team activities
reflection
A thought or opinion resulting from careful, unfocused consideration
reflector
One of the four standard team roles; his/her purpose is to make observations about team performance, interactions and dynamics and record/report strengths, areas for improvement, and insights
reporting
Accounting in detail
research
Special investigation or studies of a scholarly nature
resource
A source of support or help
rubric
Tool to distinguish different levels of performance based on verbal description
scale
A means for determining the quality level of the evidence
self-assessment
Assessing your own progress by thinking critically about your (learning) process or performance and the results of that process
self-grower
The highest level of learner performance, having developed strong performance/learning skills; learners who are continually growing by using strong self-assessment skills to improve future performance
short-term behavior
A behavior that students should display during the time they are taking a course
SII
Tool for assessment feedback that focuses on strengths, areas to improve, and insights.
specific skills
Specific behaviors or attitudes which enable the learner to develop performance in general skills
spokesperson
One of the four basic team roles; his/her purpose is to report to the class as a whole the discoveries documented by the recorder
standard
The level of performance established before the process starts which indicates that the performance was a success
summative
Occurring at the end of a development period
synthesis
The combining of various parts into a whole
taxonomy
The classification in an ordered system that indicates natural relationships
team
People with complementary skills who are committed to a common purpose, performance goals, and approach for which they hold themselves mutually accountable
team building
The process of getting a group to work together productively
team role
The set of expectations associated with a position within a group of goal directed people
teamwork
A group of people actively cooperating in an organized way to achieve a goal
theme
An implicit or recurring idea
theory
A comprehensive, internally consistent system of ideas about a set of phenomena
tool
Any device, implement, instrument or utensil which serves as a resource to accomplish a task
training
Specialized instruction and practice to become proficient in doing something
validation
Verifying that the solution to a problem makes sense and responds to real-world conditions. Verifying that the results of a model are as expected and satisfactorily represent the system or thing being modeled
value system
A set of beliefs held by a group or individual and often considered indispensable or inviolate
way of being
A set of behaviors, actions, and use of language associated with a particular discipline or knowledge area