Page 158 - Learning to Learn

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READING
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ETHODOLOGIES
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assumptions, it can lead to completely new and different solutions. If the assumption is false, it can lead
to wrong or poor quality solutions.
Evelyn realized that her unique situation as a job seeker desiring only short-term work might
operate in her benefit; in other words, if she could demonstrate to possible employers that she
only needs to work for five to six weeks, she would be more desirable in their eyes than someone
they would regretfully “have to let go” at the end of the holiday season.
Step 5—Break Problem Apart
In general, the problem solving process is made more effective and efficient by dividing the problem
into manageable, logical pieces, or sub-problems to be dealt with one at a time. Subdividing or breaking
apart the problem makes it easier to begin developing and formulating possible solutions. With complex
problems, breaking apart the problem is a necessity.
Evelyn’s husband, a freelance software engineer, designed a computer program to help her do the
math. If only she could apply the Problem Solving Methodology to her daughter’s teething, she
thought! (And she just might.)
Step 6—Model Sub-problems
Once the problem has been broken apart, you must generate possible solutions to the sub-problems.
Building models that replicate the principles and relationships at work in a given problem can be a great
help with the sub-problems. Examples of models include diagrams, equations, graphs, tables, and computer
programs. Models should make use of available and appropriate resources, including the information and
assumptions from Steps 3 and 4, and your own knowledge, experiences, and creativity. Realize that many
times, there is not just one right answer. Therefore, you should generate several possible solutions that you
can later evaluate.
Step 7—Integrate Solutions
In many cases, the solutions to the sub-problems generated in the previous step must be put together
with modifications. This involves evaluating possible solutions and determining how the parts will best
work as a whole. The result is often a set of larger models which serve as possible solutions or means to
a solution for the defined problem. The next step of the methodology requires you to examine and assess
these solutions.
Evelyn didn’t want to take the chance that she might not pass any screening tests since she wasn’t
up to date with all the latest office software. So, she also located a couple of non-agency jobs on
her own. That way, if the temporary agency route fell through, she would have a backup.
Step 8—Test and Validate
Since the outcome of the previous step in the methodology typically results in more than one solution,
criteria need to be established to assess these solutions. Testing and validating involves using these criteria
to determine how well each solution measures up. The strength of the assumptions should also be tested
because the choice and ranking of solutions may vary based on the assumptions made.
Evelyn sent her husband to the parkwith the childrenwhile she spent an afternoon calling potential
employers. She was very careful to verify the hiring information, including the rates of pay, they
advertised. In turn, they were impressed by her professionalism.