Page 111 - Foundations of Learning, 4th Edition (Revised)

The Learning Process Methodology

Let’s look at the process of learning—a process used continually as a student and one you will use throughout
your entire life. While learning is not a new process, it is one that is complex and not easily understood.
As you increase your ability to learn, your self-esteem and confidence will grow, and you will become a
person with broader horizons. You will also increase your opportunities for personal growth, leading to
life experiences that become more rewarding and enjoyable.

The Learning Process Methodology (LPM) has components that cover three main stages of learning: 1)
preparing to learn, 2) performing a learning activity, and 3) assessing and building new knowledge. Each
stage can then be broken down further as shown below. The Learning Process Methodology can also be
used as a resource to gain insights into the processes you are currently using when learning. No matter
your strengths or weaknesses when it comes to the learning process, your learning CAN be improved. The
Learning Process Methodology is a reliable and useful tool to improve your ability to learn.

Overview of the Learning Process Methodology

Stage 1: Preparing to Learn

Set the stage for learning: A person will perform better at the beginning of the learning process if he or
she feels that what is to be learned is important and worthwhile, sees how what is to be learned fits into
a “big picture” or builds on what he or she already knows, and has the necessary prerequisite skills and
knowledge to start the process.

Set goals and criteria for learning: By determining learning objectives, the learner clarifies the general
purpose of the learning activity. Performance criteria provide specifics as to what is expected of the learner
in terms of outcomes or performance.

Obtain relevant information for learning: This provides the learner with the terminology and background
information necessary to begin the process of learning something new.

Stage 2: Performing a Learning Activity

Implement action for learning: The process of building new knowledge (learning something new) involves
constructing and following a plan with a set of tasks which results in meeting the learning objectives and
established performance criteria. The plan should include the use of information, models, and questions
which require critical thought. Models and examples help the learner to explore and build understanding
about what is being learned. Knowledge is constructed by thinking critically which involves asking and
answering key questions.

Apply what you have learned: A measure of true understanding and learning is exhibited when a learner
is able to transfer what has been learned to new contexts and apply knowledge in new and different ways
to solve problems.

Stage 3: Assessing and Building New Knowledge

Assess the learning process: The learning process can be improved if a learner becomes proficient at
self-assessing his or her performance while he or she is learning. By focusing on strengths and areas for
improvement, a learner can use this information to improve his or her performance in the next learning
situation.

Construct new knowledge: A learner becomes a “self-learner” when he or she continues the learning
process to conduct research and construct new knowledge which builds upon prior knowledge.This includes
applying knowledge in new contexts, creating new methodologies, and making new interpretations or
understanding things in a new way.

Chapter 4 — Learning to Learn 105